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Quant Guide

Quant Guide

Quant traders and quant researchers both face challenging interviews that test far more than basic math. These selected problems guide quants to practice the concepts that matter most. Unlike discretionary traders, quant traders rely on mathematical models and coding rather than intuition. Their interviews emphasize fast problem-solving with probability puzzles, brainteasers, math challenges, and coding tasks. Quant researchers focus more deeply on models and longer-term projects, which is why their knowledge of statistics, linear algebra, and advanced programming is assessed.

307 questions in this plan
Brain Teasers 34 questions
Question Subcategory Difficulty Status
100 Light Bulbs Symmetry Medium
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Back to Starting Point Logical Medium
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Birthday Puzzle #2 Logical Hard
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Calendar Dice Out of the Box Medium
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Clocks and Hands Logical Medium
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Door to Offer Out of the Box Hard
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Escape Plan Out of the Box Medium
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Farmers' Land Logical Medium
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First Person to Say 50 Logical Medium
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Fishermen Logical Hard
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Fox vs. Duck Logical Medium
Example
Horse Race Logical Medium
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House of Cards Summation Easy
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How Many Twos Simplification Medium
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Infinite Chessboard Out of the Box Hard
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Knights and Knaves Logical Easy
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Pirates Dividing a Treasure Simplification Medium
Example
Prisoner Problem #1 Modular Hard
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Prisoner Problem #2 Modular Hard
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Rabbit Climbing the Stairs Logical Easy
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Salary Voting Logical Medium
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Sandglass Logical Medium
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Subset of Numbers Logical Hard
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Tennis Match Mystery Logical Hard
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The King's Party Out of the Box Medium
Example
The Last Chocolate Game Logical Hard
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Trailing Zeros Logical Medium
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Transfer 3000 Apples Logical Hard
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Two Glass Balls Summation Medium
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Waiting for the Train Logical Medium
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Water and Wine Logical Easy
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Water Jugs Logical Medium
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Weighing Blocks Logical Easy
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Which Day Logical Hard
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Probability and Statistics 110 questions
Question Subcategory Difficulty Status
100-Sided Die Expected Value Hard
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230 Heads General Medium
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Aces for All Combinatorial Analysis Easy
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Animal Migrations Markov Chain Probability Easy
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Are We There Yet Game Theory Medium
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Athletic Cats Conditional Probability Medium
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Basketball Practice #1 Expected Value Medium
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Basketball Practice #2 Expected Value Hard
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Beach Carts Game Theory Easy
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Beat the Odds Game Puzzle Hard
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Beta Gap General Medium
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Biased Coin #1 Expected Value Medium
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Biased Coin #2 Expected Value Easy
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Biased Coin #3 Expected Value Easy
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Biased Coin #4 Expected Value Medium
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Bold Betting Strategy Markov Chain Probability Medium
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Building the Book Game Theory Medium
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Bullseye Bet Expected Value Medium
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Candle Batch General Medium
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Capsule Colors Expected Value Easy
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Challenger's Gambit Game Theory Medium
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Cherry Streak General Medium
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Coefficient of Variation Expected Value Hard
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Coin Toss #1 Conditional Probability Medium
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Correlation Flip General Medium
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Covariance Ceiling General Easy
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Diagonal Duel General Medium
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Diamond Variance Expected Value Medium
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Dice Game #1 Expected Value Hard
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Dice Game #2 Expected Value Hard
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Dice vs Coins Expected Value Medium
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Dice With Same Numbers Expected Value Medium
Example
Dominant Game Markov Chain Probability Hard
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Drunk Student #2 Expected Value Medium
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Engine or Wheels Conditional Probability Easy
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Escape the Square Markov Chain Probability Hard
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Exponential Distribution #1 Expected Value Medium
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Exponential Distribution #2 General Medium
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Faster Sixes Expected Value Hard
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First to Heads Conditional Probability Medium
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Five Deck Straight Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Flip 4 Coins Expected Value Medium
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Flowers in Bloom Expected Value Medium
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Four Digit Difference General Hard
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Four Fives #1 General Easy
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Four Fives #2 General Easy
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Free Ticket Expected Value Hard
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Going to the Beach #2 General Hard
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Half the Average Game Theory Medium
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Heavier Side Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Higher Card General Medium
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How Many Children General Hard
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How Many Pairs Combinatorial Analysis Hard
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Jumping Robots General Hard
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Latency Arms Race Game Theory Easy
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Meeting Your Friend Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Mismatched Dice General Easy
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Old Phone #2 General Medium
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Old Scale Combinatorial Analysis Easy
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Optimal Spread General Hard
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Overbooked Flight Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Painted Cube Conditional Probability Hard
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Parking Meter Markov Chain Probability Easy
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Picking Balls #2 Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Picking Balls #3 Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Picking Tiles Markov Chain Probability Easy
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Quoting Duel Game Theory Medium
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Racing Cars Conditional Probability Medium
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Radar Sweep General Medium
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Random Ant Markov Chain Probability Medium
Example
Redundant Quote Game Theory Hard
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Region Spinner Markov Chain Probability Easy
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Remaining Coins Expected Value Medium
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Rising Chips Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Running Rabbit Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Second Heads Conditional Probability Medium
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Specific Card #2 Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Spin in Two Regions Expected Value Medium
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Spread Truce Game Theory Hard
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Stop Sign Stroll Markov Chain Probability Medium
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Subset Makes Six Combinatorial Analysis Hard
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Sum Seventeen Combinatorial Analysis Hard
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Surprise Headliner Conditional Probability Medium
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Ten Cards, No King Combinatorial Analysis Easy
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Tennis Game General Medium
Example
Tennis Match: Win in 2 or 3 Sets General Medium
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Tennis Odds Game Puzzle Hard
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The Drunkard's Walk Markov Chain Probability Hard
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The Highest Face Expected Value Medium
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Three Blue Orbs Expected Value Medium
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Three Cards Difference Combinatorial Analysis Hard
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Throw a 6 #2 Expected Value Medium
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Throw a 6 #3 Expected Value Hard
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Throw Until Matched Expected Value Medium
Example
Top 2000 Songs Markov Chain Probability Medium
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Treasure Bearing General Medium
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Triple Match Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Twice as Likely Conditional Probability Medium
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Two Consecutive Fives Expected Value Medium
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Two Dice Difference Expected Value Easy
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Two Hues Left Expected Value Hard
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Two Rolls Payoff Expected Value Easy
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Unfair Heads #2 Conditional Probability Medium
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Uniform Distribution #1 Expected Value Hard
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Vacant Room Conditional Probability Hard
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Wheel of Eights Combinatorial Analysis Medium
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Which Die Was It Conditional Probability Medium
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Who Calls the Landlord Game Theory Hard
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Whose Turn Is It Game Theory Easy
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Widening Wheel Expected Value Hard
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Linear Algebra 24 questions
Question Subcategory Difficulty Status
Applying Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) Use Case Medium
Example
Cramer's Rule Theorem Easy
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Determining the Stability and Robustness of a Model Use Case Hard
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Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors in Trading Use Case Easy
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Eigenvalues of a 3x3 Matrix Practice Easy
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Frobenius Norm vs. Spectral Norm Theorem Hard
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From Correlated to Uncorrelated Factors Use Case Medium
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Gram-Schmidt Process Theorem Easy
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Gram-Schmidt Process for Dependent Sets Theorem Medium
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Identify Asset Clusters Use Case Hard
Example
Identify Redundant Assets Use Case Medium
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Inverse of a Matrix Theorem Easy
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Ordinary Least Squares (OLD) Method Theorem Easy
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Orthogonality in Vector Spaces Use Case Medium
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Orthogonal Matrices in Finance Use Case Medium
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Orthogonal Return Vectors Use Case Medium
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Principal Components in Trading Use Case Medium
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Rank Theorem Easy
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Rank-Deficient vs. Full-Rank Use Case Medium
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Relevance of Singular Value Decomposition Theorem Medium
Example
Singular Value Decomposition in Trading Use Case Hard
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Trace and Determinant of a Matrix Theorem Medium
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Using a Covariance Matrix to Identify Risks Use Case Medium
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Using Cramer's Rule Practice Easy
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Programming 54 questions
Question Subcategory Difficulty Status
All Pairs Array and List Processing Easy
Example
All Permutations Array and List Processing Medium
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All Vowels String Manipulation Easy
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Arithmetic Mean Array and List Processing Hard
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Balanced Brackets Other Easy
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Binary Search Tree (BST) Array and List Processing Hard
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Circular Queue Implementation Other Hard
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Common Prefix Algorithm String Manipulation Medium
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Consecutive Letters String Manipulation Medium
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Counting Inversions Array and List Processing Hard
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Counting Islands Graphs Medium
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Count Number of Homogenous Substrings String Manipulation Medium
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Course Schedule Graphs Hard
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Crate Loading Array and List Processing Easy
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Dijkstra's Algorithm #1 Graphs Hard
Example
Dijkstra's Algorithm #2 Graphs Hard
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Drawing a Blue 3 Mathematical Problems Medium
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Empty Number of Boxes Mathematical Problems Medium
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Evaluate RPN Other Medium
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Fewest Coins Mathematical Problems Medium
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Find All Paths Graphs Hard
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Finding the Largest Possible Number Array and List Processing Easy
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Find the Missing Number Array and List Processing Easy
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Group Anagrams String Manipulation Medium
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Hex Word String Manipulation Easy
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Last Node of Singly Linked List Other Medium
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Linked List Cycle Other Medium
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Longest Common Subsequence (LCS) Array and List Processing Medium
Example
Longest Increasing Subsequence Array and List Processing Hard
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Longest Run of Distinct Characters String Manipulation Medium
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Majority Element Array and List Processing Medium
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Maximum Subarray Sum Array and List Processing Medium
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Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) Graphs Hard
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Optimal Stopping Strategy Mathematical Problems Medium
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Palindrome Checker String Manipulation Medium
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Pricing Accuracy Mathematical Problems Medium
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Prime Number Generator Mathematical Problems Medium
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Priority Queue Using Heaps Other Hard
Example
Reverse a Linked List Other Easy
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Roulette Table Mathematical Problems Medium
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Search a Rotated Array Array and List Processing Medium
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Settling Array Array and List Processing Medium
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Smallest String String Manipulation Easy
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Sorting Without Sort() Array and List Processing Hard
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Streaming Median Other Hard
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Subarray Sum Equals Zero Array and List Processing Medium
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Sudoku Array and List Processing Hard
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Summing Up Strings #1 String Manipulation Hard
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Summing Up Strings #2 String Manipulation Hard
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Top 2000 Songs Mathematical Problems Medium
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Validate a BST Other Medium
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Weather API Data Analyzer Other Hard
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Word Frequency String Manipulation Easy
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Words in a String String Manipulation Medium
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Math Questions 23 questions
Question Subcategory Difficulty Status
Boats on a River General Hard
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Choosing Blocks General Easy
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Escalator Steps General Medium
Example
Fly vs Ant General Medium
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How Many Dogs General Medium
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Inflate Rate General Hard
Example
Jumping Frog General Medium
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Magic 37 General Hard
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Number of Pigs General Easy
Example
Product of Unknowns #1 Solving Unknowns Hard
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Radius of a Circle General Hard
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River Length #1 General Medium
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River Length #2 General Medium
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Sequences General Easy
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Set of Distinct Integers General Easy
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Sharing a Glass General Easy
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Sheep Runs Home General Hard
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Spread Set General Hard
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Squares On Chessboard General Medium
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System of Weights Solving Unknowns Medium
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Triangle on Circle General Medium
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Unfolded Box General Hard
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Upstream or Downstream General Medium
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Machine Learning 62 questions
Question Subcategory Difficulty Status
AdaBoost by Hand Ensemble Methods Hard
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Backpropagation by Hand Neural Networks Hard
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Bagging: Why Averaging Reduces Variance Ensemble Methods Medium
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Batch, Stochastic and Mini-Batch Gradient Descent Optimization Medium
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Bias-Variance Tradeoff Model Fundamentals Easy
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Calibrated Probabilities Model Evaluation Medium
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Cointegration, Not Correlation Time Series Hard
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Deriving OLS Linear Models Hard
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Dropout, Weight Decay, and Early Stopping Deep Learning Easy
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Elastic Net and Correlated Features Regularization Medium
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Encoding Categorical Variables (and the Target-Encoding Trap) Feature Engineering Medium
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Entropy, Cross-Entropy and KL Divergence Foundations Medium
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Exploration versus Exploitation Reinforcement Learning Medium
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Forests vs Boosting Ensemble Methods Medium
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Fractional Differencing Weights From Scratch Financial ML Hard
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From Likelihood to Loss Foundations Easy
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Gradient Descent From Scratch Optimization Medium
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Handling Missing Values Feature Engineering Easy
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How a Decision Tree Chooses a Split Classic Algorithms Easy
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How Many Backtests Is Too Many? Backtesting & Validation Hard
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How Many Principal Components? Dimensionality Reduction Medium
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Identifying an ARIMA Model Time Series Medium
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Is This Series Stationary? Time Series Easy
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k-Nearest Neighbours From Scratch Classic Algorithms Easy
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kNN vs k-Means Classic Algorithms Easy
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Labelling Financial Data Financial ML Medium
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Leakage-Free Pipeline Coding Medium
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Logistic Regression From Scratch Classification Hard
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Lookahead Bias Backtesting & Validation Medium
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Markov Decision Processes and the Bellman Equation Reinforcement Learning Medium
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Maximum Likelihood Estimation for a Gaussian Foundations Medium
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MDI versus MDA Feature Importance Easy
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Multicollinearity and the Variance Inflation Factor Linear Models Medium
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Naive Bayes From First Principles Classification Medium
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Newton's Method and Second-Order Optimization Optimization Hard
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One-Step GARCH(1,1) Forecast Time Series Medium
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One LSTM Step by Hand Deep Learning Hard
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Order Book Feature Engineering Feature Engineering Easy
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Principal Component Analysis Dimensionality Reduction Hard
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Purged and Embargoed K-Fold Backtesting & Validation Hard
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Q-Learning for Market Making Reinforcement Learning Hard
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Reading the ROC Curve Model Evaluation Medium
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Ridge Regression as a Gaussian Prior Regularization Hard
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Ridge vs Lasso Regularization Medium
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Rolling Z-Score Without Look-Ahead Coding Medium
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Scaled Dot-Product Attention by Hand Deep Learning Medium
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Self-Attention From Scratch Deep Learning Hard
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Stationary but with Memory Financial ML Medium
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t-SNE and UMAP: Nonlinear Embeddings Dimensionality Reduction Medium
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The Accuracy Trap Model Evaluation Easy
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The Curse of Dimensionality Model Fundamentals Medium
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The Gauss-Markov Theorem Linear Models Hard
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The Substitution Effect Feature Importance Hard
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The SVM Margin and the Kernel Trick Classification Hard
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The Unit Root Time Series Hard
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The Vanishing Gradient Problem Deep Learning Easy
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Vectorization and Broadcasting Coding Easy
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Weight Initialization: Xavier and He Neural Networks Medium
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What SHAP Values Actually Compute Feature Importance Hard
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Why Adam? Deep Learning Medium
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Why a Tiny R-Squared Makes Money Model Fundamentals Easy
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Why Do We Need Non-Linear Activations? Neural Networks Easy
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